व्रणितोपासनीयाध्यायः
अथातो व्रणितोपासनीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
"Now, we shall expound the chapter on the care of wounds (Vranitopasaniya)."
"Thus said the venerable Dhanvantari."
This marks the beginning of a new chapter focused on wound care, as described by the ancient sage Dhanvantari, who is considered the god of Ayurveda and medicine.
व्रणितस्य प्रथममेवागारमन्विच्छेत्; तच्चागारं प्रशस्तवास्त्वादिकं कार्यम् ||३||
"Firstly, one should ensure the patient with a wound has a suitable dwelling. This dwelling should be well-constructed and auspicious according to Vastu principles."
This shloka emphasizes the importance of providing a proper and auspicious living environment for a patient with a wound. Ensuring the dwelling is well-constructed and adheres to Vastu principles can contribute to the patient's healing process.
प्रशस्तवास्तुनि गृहे शुचावातपवर्जिते |
निवाते न च रोगाः स्युः शारीरागन्तुमानसाः ||४||
"In a house that is auspicious according to Vastu, clean, and free from strong winds and extreme weather conditions, there will be no physical, external, or mental ailments."
This shloka highlights the importance of an ideal living environment for healing. A house that is well-constructed according to Vastu principles, clean, and free from extreme conditions, helps prevent physical, external, and mental ailments, providing a conducive space for recovery.
तस्मिञ् शयनमसम्बाधं स्वास्तीर्णं मनोज्ञं प्राक्शिरस्कं सशस्त्रं कुर्वीत ||५||
"In such a house, the bed should be spacious, well-arranged, comfortable, facing east, and equipped with necessary items."
This shloka emphasizes the importance of providing a comfortable and well-arranged bed for the patient. The bed should be spacious, face east, and have all necessary items to ensure the patient's comfort and aid in their recovery.
सुखचेष्टाप्रचारः स्यात् स्वास्तीर्णे शयने व्रणी |
प्राच्यां दिशि स्थिता देवास्तत्पूजार्थं च तच्छिरः ||६||
"The patient with a wound should be able to move comfortably on a well-arranged bed. The head of the bed should face east, as the gods are believed to reside in that direction, which is also conducive for worship."
This shloka highlights the importance of ensuring the patient can move comfortably on a well-arranged bed, and it emphasizes that the head of the bed should face east. This direction is considered auspicious for worship and believed to have divine presence, promoting a healing environment.
तस्मिन् सुहृद्भिरनुकूलैः प्रियंवदैरुपास्यमानो यथेष्टमासीत ||७||
"In such a place, the patient should be attended to by friends who are supportive and speak kindly, allowing the patient to rest comfortably."
This shloka emphasizes the importance of having supportive and kind friends to attend to the patient. Their presence and kind words help the patient feel comfortable and at ease, which is crucial for recovery.
सुहृदो विक्षिपन्त्याशु कथाभिर्व्रणवेदनाः |
आश्वासयन्तो बहुशः स्वनुकूलाः प्रियंवदाः ||८||
"Friends quickly distract the patient from the pain of the wound with stories, comforting them often with their supportive and kind words."
This shloka emphasizes the importance of having supportive friends who use stories and kind words to distract and comfort the patient, helping to alleviate their pain and provide emotional support.
न च दिवानिद्रावशगः स्यात् ||९||
"The patient should not succumb to daytime sleep."
This shloka advises that the patient should avoid sleeping during the day. This practice helps in maintaining a proper balance in their routine and promotes better healing.
दिवास्वप्नाद्व्रणे कण्डूर्गात्राणां गौरवं तथा |
श्वयथुर्वेदना रागः स्रावश्चैव भृशं भवेत् ||१०||
"Sleeping during the day leads to itching in the wound, heaviness in the body, swelling, pain, redness, and significant discharge."
This shloka warns against daytime sleep for patients with wounds, as it can cause several complications, including itching, heaviness, swelling, pain, redness, and increased discharge, which can hinder the healing process.
उत्थानसंवेशनपरिवर्तनचङ्क्रमणोच्चैर्भाषणाद्यास्वात्मचेष्टास्वप्रमत्तो व्रणं संरक्षेत् ||११||
"During activities such as standing, sitting, changing positions, walking, and speaking loudly, the patient should be careful to protect the wound."
This shloka advises the patient to be cautious and protect the wound while performing various activities like standing, sitting, changing positions, walking, and speaking loudly. This careful attention helps prevent further injury and promotes healing.
स्थानासनं चङ्क्रमणं दिवास्वप्नं तथैव च |
व्रणितो न निषेवेत शक्तिमानपि मानवः ||१२||
"A person with a wound, even if strong, should avoid standing, sitting, walking, and daytime sleep."
This shloka advises that a person with a wound should avoid certain activities such as standing, sitting, walking, and sleeping during the day, even if they feel strong. These precautions help in protecting the wound and ensuring proper healing.
उत्थानाद्यासनं स्थानं शय्या चातिनिषेविता |
प्राप्नुयान्मारुतादङ्गरुजस्तस्माद्विवर्जयेत् ||१३||
"Excessive standing, sitting, and lying down can cause body pain due to aggravation of Vata. Therefore, these should be avoided."
This shloka advises against excessive standing, sitting, and lying down, as they can lead to body pain caused by the aggravation of the Vata dosha. It's important to maintain balance and avoid overexertion to promote healing and comfort.
गम्यानां च स्त्रीणां सन्दर्शनसम्भाषणसंस्पर्शनानि दूरत एव परिहरेत् ||१४||
"One should avoid seeing, conversing with, and touching women who are in their menstrual cycle from a distance."
This shloka advises maintaining a respectful distance from women during their menstrual cycle, avoiding close interaction, conversation, and physical contact, as per the traditional customs and beliefs.
स्त्रीदर्शनादिभिः शुक्रं कदाचिच्चलितं स्रवेत् |
ग्राम्यधर्मकृतान्दोषान् सोऽसंसर्गेऽप्यवाप्नुयात् ||१५||
"By seeing, conversing with, or touching women who are menstruating, there may be involuntary ejaculation of semen, and even without physical contact, one may acquire the defects caused by inappropriate actions."
This shloka warns against close interaction with women during their menstrual cycle, as it is believed to cause involuntary ejaculation and the acquisition of defects or impurities associated with inappropriate actions.
नवधान्यमाषतिलकलायकुलत्थनिष्पावहरितकशाकाम्ललवणकटुकगुडपिष्टविकृतिवल्लूरशुष्कशाकाजाविकानूपौदक- मांसवसाशीतोदककृशरापायसदधिदुग्धतक्रप्रभृतीनि परिहरेत् ||१६||
"One should avoid consuming new grains, black gram, sesame seeds, peas, horse gram, green gram, sour, salty, and pungent foods, jaggery, fermented products, dried vegetables, meat of goat, sheep, aquatic animals, animal fat, cold water, rice pudding, milk, curd, buttermilk, and similar items."
This shloka advises avoiding certain foods and ingredients that can aggravate the condition of wounds and hinder the healing process. It emphasizes the need to be cautious about dietary choices to support effective recovery.
तक्रान्तो नवधान्यादिर्योऽयं वर्ग उदाहृतः |
दोषसञ्जननो ह्येष विज्ञेयः पूयवर्धनः ||१७||
"The category of foods mentioned, including buttermilk and new grains, is known to cause imbalance of doshas and increase the production of pus."
This shloka highlights that certain foods, including buttermilk and new grains, can lead to an imbalance of doshas (bodily humors) and promote the formation of pus, which can hinder the healing process of wounds.
मद्यपश्च मैरेयारिष्टासवसीधुसुराविकारान् परिहरेत् ||१८||
"One should avoid consuming alcoholic beverages, including different types of wine, fermented drinks, and distilled spirits."
This shloka advises against the consumption of various alcoholic beverages, as they can negatively affect the healing process and overall health.
मद्यमम्लं तथा रूक्षं तीक्ष्णमुष्णं च वीर्यतः |
आशुकारि च तत् पीतं क्षिप्रं व्यापादयेद्व्रणम् ||१९||
"Alcohol, sour, rough, sharp, and hot in potency, when consumed hastily, quickly aggravates the wound."
This shloka advises against consuming alcohol and foods that are sour, rough, sharp, and hot in nature, as they can quickly aggravate wounds and hinder the healing process.
वातातपरजोधूमावश्यायातिसेवनातिभोजनानिष्टभोजनश्रवणदर्शनेर्ष्यामर्षभयशोकध्यानरात्रिजागरणविषमाशन- शयनोपवासवाग्व्यायामस्थानचङ्क्रमणशीतवातविरुद्धाध्यशनाजीर्णमक्षिकाद्या बाधाः परिहरेत् ||२०||
"One should avoid exposure to wind, sun, dust, smoke, and dampness; overeating; consuming unsuitable foods; seeing or hearing undesirable things; feelings of envy, anger, fear, sorrow, and anxiety; staying up late at night; irregular eating and sleeping habits; fasting; excessive talking and physical exertion; standing and walking for long periods; exposure to cold and wind; incompatible foods; indigestion; and disturbances caused by insects."
This shloka advises avoiding various environmental, dietary, emotional, and lifestyle factors that can aggravate wounds and hinder the healing process. By being mindful of these factors, one can promote better recovery and overall well-being.
व्रणिनः सम्प्रतप्तस्य कारणैरेवमादिभिः |
क्षीणशोणितमांसस्य भुक्तं सम्यङ्न जीर्यति ||२१||
अजीर्णात् पवनादीनां विभ्रमो बलवान् भवेत् |
ततः शोफरुजास्रावदाहपाकानवाप्नुयात् ||२२||
"For a patient whose blood and muscle tissue are depleted due to the aforementioned causes, the food consumed does not digest properly. Due to indigestion, there is a strong disturbance of Vata and other doshas, leading to swelling, pain, discharge, burning, and suppuration."
This shloka explains that a patient with depleted blood and muscle tissue from previous causes will have difficulty digesting food properly. This indigestion causes an imbalance of Vata and other doshas, resulting in swelling, pain, discharge, burning, and suppuration in the wound.
सदा नीचनखरोम्णा शुचिना शुक्लवाससा शान्तिमङ्गलदेवताब्राह्मणगुरुपरेण भवितव्यमिति |
तत् कस्य हेतोः? हिंसाविहाराणि हि महावीर्याणि रक्षांसि पशुपतिकुबेरकुमारानुचराणि मांसशोणितप्रियत्वात् क्षतजनिमित्तं व्रणिनमुपसर्पन्ति, सत्कारार्थं जिघांसूनि वा कदाचित् ||२३||
"The caregiver should always have clean and short nails, wear white clothing, and be devoted to peaceful and auspicious activities, gods, Brahmins, and teachers. Why is this necessary? Because powerful demons, followers of Pashupati and Kubera, who are fond of flesh and blood, approach the wounded, sometimes to harm them, either due to injury or to receive respect."
This shloka highlights the importance of maintaining cleanliness and engaging in peaceful, auspicious activities for the caregiver of a wounded person. It is believed that powerful entities attracted to flesh and blood may approach the wounded, so the caregiver's devotion and cleanliness can help protect the patient.
भवति चात्र |
तेषां सत्कारकामानां प्रयतेतान्तरात्मना |
धूपबल्युपहारांश्च भक्ष्यांश्चैवोपहारयेत् ||२४||
"Here it is said: For those who seek respect and devotion, they should earnestly offer incense, offerings, and food to the powerful entities."
This shloka advises offering incense, various offerings, and food to powerful entities to earn their respect and devotion. This practice is believed to protect the patient and ensure their well-being.
ते तु सन्तर्पिता आत्मवन्तं न हिंस्युः |
तस्मात् सततमतन्द्रितो जनपरिवृतो नित्यं दीपोदकशस्त्रस्रग्दामपुष्पलाजाद्यलङ्कृते वेश्मनि सम्पन्मङ्गलमनोऽनुकूलाः कथाः शृण्वन्नासीत ||२५||
सम्पदाद्यनुकूलाभिः कथाभिः प्रीतमानसः |
आशावान् व्याधिमोक्षाय क्षिप्रं सुखमवाप्नुयात् ||२६||
"If they are well-satisfied, they will not harm the self-possessed person. Therefore, one should always be alert, surrounded by people, and reside in a house decorated with lamps, water, weapons, garlands, flowers, and grains, listening to auspicious and pleasant stories. With a mind pleased by favorable stories about wealth, etc., and filled with hope for recovery, one will quickly attain comfort and health."
These shlokas advise that by keeping powerful entities satisfied through offerings and rituals, they will not harm the individual. The patient should remain alert, surrounded by people, and live in a well-decorated house while listening to auspicious and pleasant stories. This positive environment and mindset are believed to promote quick recovery and well-being.
ऋग्यजुःसामाथर्ववेदाभिहितैरपरैश्चाशीर्विधानैरुपाध्याया भिषजश्च सन्ध्ययो रक्षां कुर्युः ||२७||
"Teachers and physicians should offer protection in the evening through blessings as prescribed in the Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda, and other scriptures."
This shloka advises that teachers and physicians should provide protection to the patient in the evening by performing blessings and rituals as mentioned in the Vedas and other scriptures. This practice is believed to safeguard the patient and promote their healing.
सर्षपारिष्टपत्राभ्यां सर्पिषा लवणेन च |
द्विरह्नः कारयेद्धूपं दशरात्रमतन्द्रितः ||२८||
"One should diligently perform fumigation twice daily for ten nights using mustard seeds, peepal leaves, ghee, and salt."
This shloka advises the use of specific ingredients—mustard seeds, peepal leaves, ghee, and salt—for fumigation. This practice should be done twice a day for ten nights to help protect the patient and promote healing.
छत्रामतिच्छत्रां लाङ्गू(ङ्ग)लीं जटिलां ब्रह्मचारिणीं लक्ष्मीं गुहामतिगुहां वचामतिविषां शतवीर्यां सहस्रवीर्यां सिद्धार्थकांश्च शिरसा धारयेत् ||२९||
"One should wear on the head various protective herbs like Chhatra, Atichhatra, Langali, Jatila, Brahmacharini, Lakshmi, Guha, Atiguha, Vacha, Ativisha, Shataviryaka, Sahasravirya, and Siddhartha."
This shloka recommends wearing specific protective herbs on the head to ensure safety and well-being. These herbs are believed to possess powerful protective and healing properties.
व्यज्येत बालव्यजनैर्व्रणं न च विघट्टयेत् |
न तुदेन्न च कण्डूयेच्छयानः परिपालयेत् ||३०||
"The wound should be fanned with soft fans and not be disturbed. One should not press, scratch, or irritate the wound while lying down but should protect it carefully."
This shloka emphasizes the careful handling of a wound, advising that it should be gently fanned with soft fans to keep it cool and dry, and should not be disturbed by pressing, scratching, or any other irritants. This cautious approach helps in the proper healing of the wound.
अनेन विधिना युक्तमादावेव निशाचराः |
वनं केशरिणऽऽक्रान्तं वर्जयन्ति मृगा इव ||३१||
"Following these methods from the beginning, the nocturnal creatures will avoid the patient just as animals avoid a forest occupied by a lion."
This shloka emphasizes that adhering to these guidelines ensures that harmful nocturnal entities will avoid the patient, similar to how animals avoid a forest inhabited by a lion. This protection is crucial for the patient's safe and effective recovery.
जीर्णशाल्योदनं स्निग्धमल्पमुष्णं द्रवोत्तरम् |
भुञ्जानो जाङ्गलैर्मांसैः शीघ्रं व्रणमपोहति ||३२||
तण्डुलीयकजीवन्तीसुनिषण्णकवास्तुकैः |
बालमूलकवार्ताकपटोलैः कारवेल्लकैः ||३३||
सदाडिमैः सामलकैर्घृतभृष्टैः ससैन्धवैः |
अन्यैरेवङ्गुणैर्वाऽपि मुद्गादीनां रसेन वा ||३४||
शक्तून् विलेपीं कुल्माषाञ्जलं चापि शृतं पिबेत् |३५|
"Consuming well-cooked rice, slightly oily, in small quantities, warm, and in a liquid form along with the meat of animals from arid regions, quickly heals wounds. Additionally, consuming vegetables like tanduliyaka, jivanti, sunishannaka, vastuka, tender radish, eggplant, patola, and bitter gourd, along with ripe pomegranates, amla, fried in ghee, and with rock salt, or consuming dishes made from mung beans and other pulses, and drinking water boiled with these items, helps in the healing process."
These shlokas emphasize the importance of a balanced diet for wound healing. Consuming easily digestible, warm, and slightly oily foods, along with specific vegetables and meats, aids in the quick recovery of wounds.
दिवा न निद्रावशगो निवातगृहगोचरः |
व्रणी वैद्यवशे तिष्ठञ् शीघ्रं व्रणमपोहति ||३५||
(व्रणे श्वयथुरायासात् स च रागश्च जागारात् |
तौ च रुक् च दिवास्वापात्ताश्च मृत्युश्च मैथुनात्) ||३६||
एवंवृत्तसमाचारो व्रणी सम्पद्यते सुखी |
आयुश्च दीर्घमाप्नोति धन्वन्तरिवचो यथा ||३७||
"One should avoid sleeping during the day and stay in a wind-protected house. The patient should remain under the care of a physician for quick healing of the wound. Swelling and redness in the wound are caused by exertion and staying awake at night, while pain is caused by daytime sleep and sexual activity. By following these guidelines, the patient becomes healthy and enjoys a long life, as per the words of Dhanvantari."
These shlokas provide a comprehensive guideline for patients with wounds, emphasizing the importance of avoiding certain activities and environments to ensure proper healing and overall well-being.
इति सुश्रुतसंहितायां सूत्रस्थाने व्रणितोपासनीयो नामैकोनविंशोऽध्यायः ||१९||
"Thus ends the nineteenth chapter named 'The Care of the Wounded' in the Sutrasthana of the Sushruta Samhita."
This marks the conclusion of the chapter dedicated to the care and treatment of wounds in the ancient text of Sushruta Samhita, underscoring the importance of following proper guidelines and practices for effective healing and patient well-being.