विशिखानुप्रवेशनीयाध्यायः
अथातो विशिखानुप्रवेशनीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
"Now, we shall expound the chapter on the removal of embedded arrows."
"Thus said the venerable Dhanvantari."
This introduction sets the stage for discussing the methods and techniques for removing embedded arrow, following the teachings of the revered Dhanvantari.
अधिगततन्त्रेणोपासिततन्त्रार्थेन दृष्टकर्मणा कृतयोग्येन शास्त्रं निगदता राजानुज्ञातेन नीचनखरोम्णा शुचिना शुक्लवस्त्रपरिहितेन छत्रवता दण्डहस्तेन सोपानत्केनानुद्धतवेशेन सुमनसा कल्याणाभिव्याहारेणाकुहकेन बन्धुभूतेन भूतानां सुसहायवता वैद्येन विशिखाऽनुप्रवेष्टव्या ||३||
"An arrow should be removed by a physician who is well-versed in the scriptures, knowledgeable in their meaning, experienced in practice, proficient in skills, authorized by the king, with clean and trimmed nails and hair, dressed in white clothes, equipped with an umbrella and staff, modestly attired, with a pleasant demeanor, speaking auspicious words, honest, like a relative to all beings, and with good assistants."
This shloka outlines the qualifications and demeanor of a physician responsible for removing embedded arrows. It emphasizes the importance of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, cleanliness, modesty, honesty, and having a supportive team.
ततो दूतनिमित्तशकुनमङ्गलानुलोम्येनातुरगृहमभिगम्य, उपविश्य, आतुरमभिपश्येत् स्पृशेत् पृच्छेच्च |
त्रिभिरेतैर्विज्ञानोपायै रोगाः प्रायशो वेदितव्या इत्येके; तत्तु न सम्यक्, षड्विधो हि रोगाणां विज्ञानोपायः,
तद्यथा- पञ्चभिः श्रोत्रादिभिः प्रश्नेन चेति ||४||
"Then, after ensuring the auspiciousness of the signs, omens, and auspicious circumstances, the physician should go to the patient's house, sit down, observe the patient, touch, and inquire about their condition. Some say that diseases can generally be understood through these three methods, but that is not entirely correct. The means of understanding diseases are sixfold, namely, through the five senses and by questioning."
This shloka emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to diagnosing diseases. It suggests that while observation, touch, and inquiry are crucial, a complete diagnosis requires the use of all five senses and thorough questioning of the patient.
तत्र श्रोत्रेन्द्रियविज्ञेया विशेषा रोगेषु व्रणास्रावविज्ञानीयादिषु वक्ष्यन्ते- ‘तत्र सफेनं रक्तमीरयन्ननिलः सशब्दो निर्गच्छति’इत्येवमादयः, स्पर्शनेन्द्रियविज्ञेयाः शीतोष्णश्लक्ष्णकर्कशमृदुकठिनत्वादयः (स्पर्शविशेषा ) ज्वरशोफादिषु, चक्षुरिन्द्रियविज्ञेयाः शरीरोपचयापचयायुर्लक्षणबलवर्णविकारादयः, रसनेन्द्रियविज्ञेयाः प्रमेहादिषु रसविशेषाः, घ्राणेन्द्रियविज्ञेया अरिष्टलिङ्गादिषु व्रणानामव्रणानां च गन्धविशेषाः, प्रश्नेन च विजानीयाद्देशं कालं जातिं सात्म्यमातङ्कसमुत्पत्तिं वेदनासमुच्छ्रायं बलमन्तरग्निं वातमूत्रपुरीषाणां प्रवृत्तिमप्रवृत्तिं कालप्रकर्षादींश्च विशेषान् |
आत्मसदृशेषु विज्ञानाभ्युपायेषु तत्स्थानीयैर्जानीयात् ||५||
"Therefore, the specific characteristics of diseases understood through the sense of hearing will be described, such as the sound of frothy blood being expelled by air. The characteristics understood through the sense of touch include temperature, smoothness, roughness, softness, and hardness, as seen in fever and swelling. The characteristics understood through the sense of sight include body build, emaciation, longevity, strength, and color changes. The characteristics understood through the sense of taste are specific to conditions like diabetes. The characteristics understood through the sense of smell include the specific odors of wounds and non-wounded areas, as well as signs of impending death. By questioning, one should ascertain the location, time, lineage, compatibility, origin of illness, nature of pain, strength, internal fire, and the patterns of wind, urine, and feces. One should understand the specific methods of diagnosis appropriate for each condition."
This shloka elaborates on the comprehensive diagnostic methods that involve the use of all five senses and thorough questioning. It highlights the specific characteristics of diseases that can be identified through hearing, touch, sight, taste, and smell, as well as through detailed inquiry about the patient's condition and history.
एवमभिसमीक्ष्य साध्यान् साधयेत्, याप्यान् यापयेत्, असाध्यान्नैवोपक्रमेत, परिसंवत्सरोत्थितांश्च विकारान् प्रायशो वर्जयेत् ||६||
"Thus, after thoroughly examining, one should treat curable diseases, manage palliable diseases, and avoid undertaking incurable ones, especially those that have persisted for over a year."
This shloka emphasizes the importance of careful examination before deciding on the treatment approach. It suggests that curable diseases should be treated, palliable diseases should be managed, and incurable diseases should generally be avoided, particularly those that have persisted for more than a year.
तत्र साध्या अपि व्याधयः प्रायेणैषां दुश्चिकित्स्यतमा भवन्ति |
तद्यथा- श्रोत्रियनृपतिस्त्रीबालवृद्धभीरुराजसेवककितवदुर्बलवैद्यविदग्धव्याधिगोपकदरिद्रकृपणक्रोधनानामनात्मवतामनाथानां च; एवं निरूप्य चिकित्सां कुर्वन् धर्मार्थकामयशांसि प्राप्नोति ||८||
"Even curable diseases are often the most difficult to treat in the following individuals: scholars, kings, women, children, the elderly, the fearful, royal attendants, rogues, the weak, quacks, those with complicated diseases, secretive patients, the poor, the pitiable, the irritable, the unwise, and the unprotected. By diagnosing and treating accordingly, one attains virtue, wealth, desires, and fame."
This shloka lists various categories of individuals for whom even curable diseases can be challenging to treat due to their unique circumstances. It emphasizes the need for careful diagnosis and treatment to achieve success and gain virtue, wealth, desires, and fame.
भवति चात्र-
स्त्रीभिः सहास्यां संवासं परिहासं च वर्जयेत् |
दत्तं च ताभ्यो नादेयमन्नादन्यद्भिषग्वरैः ||९||
"Furthermore, physicians should avoid intimate relationships and joking with women. They should not accept food or other gifts given by women."
This shloka advises physicians to maintain professional boundaries with women, avoiding intimate relationships, joking, and accepting gifts, to uphold their integrity and focus on their duties.
इति सुश्रुतसंहितायां सूत्रस्थाने विशिखानुप्रवेशनीयो नाम दशमोऽध्यायः ||१०||
"Thus ends the tenth chapter named 'Vishikhanupraveshaniya' in the Sutra Sthana section of the Sushruta Samhita."
This verse signifies the conclusion of the tenth chapter called 'Vishikhanupraveshaniya' in the Sutra Sthana section of the Sushruta Samhita, which discusses the methods and techniques for removing embedded arrows.